The effects debate
1) Complete the questions in the first activity box (beginning with 'Do you play violent games? Are you violent in real life?')
Activity
Does the media have the power to change peoples’ behaviour, attitudes or promote values and ideologies?
depending on how raw and real the content is i personally think that the media cant effectively change peoples behaviour, attitudes etc...
1. Do you play violent video games and/or watch violent films? Are you violent in ‘real life’?
i do play some violent video games and i have watched and so see violent films often but i dont see myself as someone who wants to go out and copy violent acts out on people in public.
2. Do you ever see a product advertised on TV or on the internet and decide you want to buy it
yes i have had the desire to buy something but i never usually do because its never too desirable for me.
3. Have you ever seen a documentary which has drawn your attention to an issue which you now feel strongly about
no not as of this moment , no documentary has caused such an effect on me
2) What are the four categories for different effects theories?#
direct effect theories, diffusion theories,indirect effect theories, The pluralist approach
3) What are the examples provided for the hypodermic needle theory - where media texts have been blamed for certain events?
the murder of jaime buldger,Marilyn Mansons music and natural born killers
4) What was the 1999 Columbine massacre? You may need to research this online in addition to the information on the factsheet.
the Columbine High School massacre was a school shooting that occurred on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High School in Columbine. They also made bombs and planted them in the school. Its was the deadliest school school to that date.The shooters were associated with copycat scenarios and were playing violent video games. Marilyn Manson and the medias were heavily blamed for the shooters actions .
5) What are the reasons listed on the factsheet to possibly explain the Columbine High School massacre?
6) What does Gerbner's Cultivation theory suggest?
Cultivation Theory suggests that exposure to media, over time, subtly change viewers' perceptions of reality. Like becoming desensitized to violence because viewers see it so much in movies and television etc..
7) How does this front page of the Daily Mail (from this week - Wednesday 16 November) link to Cultivation theory?
the headline suggests cultivation theory.under 5 year olds which is a young age are "glued" to a screen for 4 hours each day. This suggests that the children are going to be desensitised to what they are watching as they grow up as they started at a young age and they are consuming for a large amount of time. The fact they dont seem to have any parental control only makes it easier for them to be susceptible to the media they are consuming.
8) What does the factsheet suggest about action films and the values and ideologies that are reinforced with regards to violence?
the fact sheet suggests that there are good and bad types of action and that they can be justified because the hero only uses his violence to fight for whats good and viewers dismiss the heros actions as they realise that they are only doing it for the greater good .
9) What criticisms of direct effect theories are suggested in the factsheet?
the hypodermic needle model received criticism for over simplifying how our minds absorb media information. It only look at one factor and didn't look at external factors that could contribute to change of behavior like family upbringing or mental issues.Also the lack of evidence to support this theory made it more difficult for this theory to stay valid and it was too vague and there are other complex factors that this theory doesn't take into account
10) Why might the 1970s sitcom Love Thy Neighbour be considered so controversial today? What does this tell us about Reception theory and how audiences create meanings?What examples are provided for Hall's theory of preferred, negotiated and oppositional readings?
the sitcom would be considered controversial as it had racial comments in them that would be accepted in today "sensitive" cosmopolitan world.Most of the jokes made by Eddie and Bill had many racial slurs and would be completely obliterated in today's world as racism is no longer tolerated in the media. this show would probably be cut after the first season. In terms of Halls reception theory the preferred reading would be : tolerable and light hearted jokes to not seriously offend anyone , the negotiated read in would be : the jokes are light hearted but have an element of cruelty to them and they should probably make the jokes less targetive and the Opposition reading would be: the jokes are just sneaky ways for racism to be tolerated and no person to tolerate such evil humor.
12) Which audience theory do you think is most convincing? Why?
i think that cultivation theory is most convincing because from a young age we are exposed to things like violence through the media, as things like cartoons involve light hearted violence and we become used to it and less affected by it when it happens in real life.
Activity
Does the media have the power to change peoples’ behaviour, attitudes or promote values and ideologies?
depending on how raw and real the content is i personally think that the media cant effectively change peoples behaviour, attitudes etc...
1. Do you play violent video games and/or watch violent films? Are you violent in ‘real life’?
i do play some violent video games and i have watched and so see violent films often but i dont see myself as someone who wants to go out and copy violent acts out on people in public.
2. Do you ever see a product advertised on TV or on the internet and decide you want to buy it
yes i have had the desire to buy something but i never usually do because its never too desirable for me.
3. Have you ever seen a documentary which has drawn your attention to an issue which you now feel strongly about
no not as of this moment , no documentary has caused such an effect on me
2) What are the four categories for different effects theories?#
direct effect theories, diffusion theories,indirect effect theories, The pluralist approach
3) What are the examples provided for the hypodermic needle theory - where media texts have been blamed for certain events?
the murder of jaime buldger,Marilyn Mansons music and natural born killers
4) What was the 1999 Columbine massacre? You may need to research this online in addition to the information on the factsheet.
the Columbine High School massacre was a school shooting that occurred on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High School in Columbine. They also made bombs and planted them in the school. Its was the deadliest school school to that date.The shooters were associated with copycat scenarios and were playing violent video games. Marilyn Manson and the medias were heavily blamed for the shooters actions .
5) What are the reasons listed on the factsheet to possibly explain the Columbine High School massacre?
- music by marilyn manson
- teenagers who felt alienated by society
- gun ownership advantages
- living in deprived areas
- and violent tv shows, movies and games
6) What does Gerbner's Cultivation theory suggest?
Cultivation Theory suggests that exposure to media, over time, subtly change viewers' perceptions of reality. Like becoming desensitized to violence because viewers see it so much in movies and television etc..
7) How does this front page of the Daily Mail (from this week - Wednesday 16 November) link to Cultivation theory?
the headline suggests cultivation theory.under 5 year olds which is a young age are "glued" to a screen for 4 hours each day. This suggests that the children are going to be desensitised to what they are watching as they grow up as they started at a young age and they are consuming for a large amount of time. The fact they dont seem to have any parental control only makes it easier for them to be susceptible to the media they are consuming.
8) What does the factsheet suggest about action films and the values and ideologies that are reinforced with regards to violence?
the fact sheet suggests that there are good and bad types of action and that they can be justified because the hero only uses his violence to fight for whats good and viewers dismiss the heros actions as they realise that they are only doing it for the greater good .
9) What criticisms of direct effect theories are suggested in the factsheet?
the hypodermic needle model received criticism for over simplifying how our minds absorb media information. It only look at one factor and didn't look at external factors that could contribute to change of behavior like family upbringing or mental issues.Also the lack of evidence to support this theory made it more difficult for this theory to stay valid and it was too vague and there are other complex factors that this theory doesn't take into account
10) Why might the 1970s sitcom Love Thy Neighbour be considered so controversial today? What does this tell us about Reception theory and how audiences create meanings?What examples are provided for Hall's theory of preferred, negotiated and oppositional readings?
the sitcom would be considered controversial as it had racial comments in them that would be accepted in today "sensitive" cosmopolitan world.Most of the jokes made by Eddie and Bill had many racial slurs and would be completely obliterated in today's world as racism is no longer tolerated in the media. this show would probably be cut after the first season. In terms of Halls reception theory the preferred reading would be : tolerable and light hearted jokes to not seriously offend anyone , the negotiated read in would be : the jokes are light hearted but have an element of cruelty to them and they should probably make the jokes less targetive and the Opposition reading would be: the jokes are just sneaky ways for racism to be tolerated and no person to tolerate such evil humor.
12) Which audience theory do you think is most convincing? Why?
i think that cultivation theory is most convincing because from a young age we are exposed to things like violence through the media, as things like cartoons involve light hearted violence and we become used to it and less affected by it when it happens in real life.
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